Tears are essential for our eyes’ health and have different roles, such as keeping our eyes moist, protecting them from infections, and washing away irritants. Let’s explore why and how tears come out of our eyes in simple medical terms.
The Basics of Tears.
Tears are produced by the lacrimal glands, located just above each eye. These glands constantly produce a small amount of tears to keep the eye’s surface smooth and clear. This continuous production of tears is called “basal tearing.”
Types of Tears
Basal Tears: These are always present to keep our eyes lubricated and free of dust.
Reflex Tears: These come out in response to irritants, such as smoke, wind, or when you cut onions. The purpose is to wash away the irritant.
Emotional Tears: These are triggered by strong feelings like sadness, happiness, or frustration. Emotional tears can contain different chemicals and hormones, which might be why crying can make us feel better.
How Tears Work
Tears form in the lacrimal glands and spread across the eye’s surface when we blink. Blinking is like a windshield wiper, spreading the tears evenly. After tears have done their job, they drain through tiny openings in the corners of our eyes called puncta. From there, they travel through small canals into the nasal cavity, which is why your nose runs when you cry a lot.
Why Do We Cry?
Protection: Reflex tears protect the eyes from irritants. For example, if something gets into your eye, the reflex tears help to flush it out.
Lubrication: Basal tears keep the eye moist and healthy, preventing dryness and irritation.
Emotional Response: Emotional tears are more complex. When we experience strong emotions, our brain sends signals to the lacrimal glands to produce tears.
These tears help to reduce stress by releasing certain chemicals and hormones.
What Happens When Tears Don’t Work Properly?Sometimes, tear production or drainage can go wrong, leading to problems like:
Dry Eye Syndrome: This happens when your eyes don’t produce enough tears or the right type of tears. It can cause discomfort, redness, and a gritty sensation.
Blocked Tear Ducts: If the tear drainage system gets blocked, it can cause watery eyes or infections.
Excessive Tearing: Sometimes, eyes produce too many tears in response to minor irritants, leading to constantly watery eyes.
Conclusion
Tears are more than just a response to emotions; they play a crucial role in maintaining eye health. They protect, lubricate, and provide relief during emotional moments. Understanding how and why tears work helps us appreciate the complex and wonderful ways our bodies take care of us. If you experience problems with your tears, it’s essential to see a healthcare professional to keep your eyes healthy and comfortable.